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  1. Species
  2. ›
  3. Laridae
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  5. Sternula
  6. ›
  7. Fairy Tern
Fairy Tern
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BirdUp · Species

Fairy Tern

Sternula nereisGould, 1843

Updated 21 March 2026

Also known asDjit-jeet

Conservation status: VulnerableOrigin: Native
Order
CHARADRIIFORMES
Family
Laridae
Genus
Sternula

At a glance

The Fairy Tern is a medium-sized bird, about 22–27 cm long, listed as Vulnerable and native to Australia. It can be seen year-round.

Size
22–27 cm
Conservation status
Vulnerable
Origin
Native
Best seen
Year-round
Commonness
Rare
  • Identification
  • Where
  • When
  • Behaviour

01 · Identification

How to tell it apart

What does a Fairy Tern look like?

The Fairy Tern is a medium-sized bird, about 22–27 cm long and weighing 57–81 g.

The fairy tern is a small tern which is native to the southwestern Pacific. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and the New Zealand subspecies is critically endangered. Fairy terns live in colonies along the coastlines and estuaries of Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, feeding largely on small, epipelagic schooling fishes, breeding in areas close to their feeding sites. They have a monogamous mating system, forming breeding pairs in which they mate, nest, and care for offspring.

Description · wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Field specs

Length
22–27 cm
Weight
57–81 g
Wingspan
43 cm

Measurements · avonet · CC BY 4.0

Field tips

behaviour

  • Watch for courtship feeding during the breeding season, where the male carries a small fish crosswise in its bill to present to a female during ground displays.

flight

  • Identified by frequent, stationary hovering 5–15 metres above the water surface with rapid, shallow wingbeats before dropping.

plumage

  • The black crown terminates abruptly at the eye, resulting in a large, clean white forehead that is visible even from a distance.
  • Breeding adults show a solid orange-yellow bill, while non-breeding birds have a duller bill with black markings at both the tip and the base.

size_and_shape

  • The bill is exceptionally fine and needle-like, appearing long and sharp in proportion to the small, rounded head.

03 · When

When to look

When can you see a Fairy Tern?

The Fairy Tern is present across its Australian range year-round, so it can be seen in any month.

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

05 · Behaviour

Habits and haunts

What does a Fairy Tern eat?

The Fairy Tern feeds on fish/invertebrates, usually foraging in flocks.

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02 · Where

Where to find it

Where does the Fairy Tern live in Australia?

The Fairy Tern is native to Australia, recorded across 37 of Australia’s bioregions.

BreedingWest, south and south-east Australia, Tasmania, north North I. (New Zealand) and New Caledonia

Non-breedingSedentary to locally dispersive within breeding regions

Distribution from BirdUp Australia community data

Legend

  • Resident
  • Breeding

7 regions recorded