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  1. Species
  2. ›
  3. Laridae
  4. ›
  5. Hydroprogne
  6. ›
  7. Caspian Tern
Caspian Tern
Photo · (c) James K. Douch, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)

BirdUp · Species

Caspian Tern

Hydroprogne caspia(Pallas, 1770)

Updated 21 March 2026

Origin: Native
Order
CHARADRIIFORMES
Family
Laridae
Genus
Hydroprogne

At a glance

The Caspian Tern is a large bird, about 47–54 cm long, native to Australia. It can be seen year-round.

Size
47–54 cm
Origin
Native
Best seen
Year-round
Commonness
Very common
  • Identification
  • Where
  • When
  • Behaviour
  • Gallery

01 · Identification

How to tell it apart

What does a Caspian Tern look like?

The Caspian Tern is a large bird, about 47–54 cm long.

The Caspian tern is the world's largest species of tern, with a subcosmopolitan but scattered distribution. Despite its extensive range, it is monotypic of its genus, and has no accepted subspecies. The genus name is from Ancient Greek hudro-, "water-", and Latin progne, "swallow". The specific caspia is from Latin and, like the English name, refers to the Caspian Sea.

Description · wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Field specs

Length
47–54 cm
Wingspan
127 cm

Measurements · avonet · CC BY 4.0

03 · When

When to look

When can you see a Caspian Tern?

The Caspian Tern is present across its Australian range year-round, so it can be seen in any month.

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

05 · Behaviour

Habits and haunts

06 · Gallery

Plumage up close

4 photos

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02 · Where

Where to find it

Where does the Caspian Tern live in Australia?

The Caspian Tern is native to Australia, recorded across 83 of Australia’s bioregions.

BreedingPAL, OR, AU, NA : patchily coastal Baltic Sea and inland south-east Europe to west Mongolia and Ussuriland (south-east Russia) and north-east China and south Asian coasts; coastal and inland west and south Africa; Europa (west of south Madagascar, Mozambique Channel), coastal Madagascar and Aldabra group (south-west Seychelles); coastal Australia and New Zealand (North and South and Stewart is.) and inland north and east Australia; inland Northwest Territories to central California, Great Lakes and north-east Canada

Non-breedingCoastal Africa, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, India, Thailand, Malay Pen. and Vietnam; east Pacific and Caribbean to Panama

Distribution from BirdUp Australia community data

Legend

  • Resident
  • Breeding

8 regions recorded