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  1. Species
  2. ›
  3. Phasianidae
  4. ›
  5. Synoicus
  6. ›
  7. Brown Quail
Brown Quail
Photo · By JJ Harrison (https://www.jjharrison.com.au/) - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=81595334

BirdUp · Species

Brown Quail

Synoicus ypsilophorusHANZAB

Updated 30 April 2026

Also known asDjirndihMerhmerhDjiribbidj

Conservation status: Least ConcernOrigin: Native
Order
GALLIFORMES
Family
Phasianidae
Genus
Synoicus

At a glance

The Brown Quail is a small bird, about 17–22 cm long, listed as Least Concern and native to Australia.

Size
17–22 cm
Conservation status
Least Concern
Origin
Native
  • Identification
  • Where
  • Behaviour

01 · Identification

How to tell it apart

What does a Brown Quail look like?

The Brown Quail is a small bird, about 17–22 cm long and weighing 69–140 g, identified by its fine black chevrons on underparts; pale, unmarked throat; finely streaked dark upperparts; and short, dark tail with yellowish barring.

The brown quail, also known as the swamp quail, silver quail and Tasmanian quail, is an Australasian true quail of the family Phasianidae. It is a small, ground-dwelling bird and is native to mainland Australia, Tasmania and Papua New Guinea and has been introduced to New Zealand and Fiji. Widespread and common throughout its large range, the brown quail is evaluated as being of "least concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Description · wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. 01

    Fine black chevrons on underparts

    Delicate, V-shaped or chevron-like barring across the buff, rufous or brown breast and belly. The most reliable plumage feature.

  2. 02

    Pale, unmarked throat

    Throat is typically plain off-white or buff, creating a distinct pale patch that contrasts with the mottled face and breast.

  3. 03

    Finely streaked dark upperparts

    Back and wings are dark brown and heavily mottled, marked with fine, pale longitudinal streaks.

  4. 04

    Short, dark tail with yellowish barring

    Appears very short and often tucked, but the dark colour with fine yellowish bars is distinctive when visible.

Field specs

Length
17–22 cm
Weight
69–140 g
Wingspan
26 cm

Measurements · avonet · CC BY 4.0

Field tips

behaviour

  • Highly terrestrial and secretive, this bird will usually choose to freeze, hide, or run rapidly through thick vegetation rather than taking flight when approached.

flight

  • When flushed, the covey often 'explodes' from the grass simultaneously with loud, whirring wings, scattering in multiple different directions before rapidly dropping back into cover.

plumage

  • Look for fine, dark chevron-shaped barring across the buff or reddish-brown underparts; females are generally paler than males and have additional black spotting on the shoulder.

size_and_shape

  • Features a very plump, rounded profile with an exceptionally short tail that creates a distinct teardrop silhouette and makes the bird look almost tailless.

voice

  • Listen for a clear, shrill two-note whistle with a sharply rising second note, as well as soft, continuous contact calls when moving through dense cover.

05 · Behaviour

Habits and haunts

What does a Brown Quail eat?

The Brown Quail feeds on seeds, foliage/herbs and terrestrial invertebrates, usually foraging in pairs or flocks or alone.

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02 · Where

Where to find it

Where does the Brown Quail live in Australia?

The Brown Quail is native to Australia, with a core range spanning australasia.

Breeding range
Australasia: Central and eastern Lesser Sundas, northern and eastern New Guinea, Australia (except south-central) and Tasmania
Non-breeding range
As breeding range; sedentary to locally nomadic depending on food and water availability.